The Trumpet (the shofar) is blown on the first day of the seventh month in the Jews religious calendar. This is also the date on which their year number changes.
The Shofar is also blown for 30 days all through the sixth month of Elul — though this is part of very old Jewish tradition, there is no scripture anywhere specifying these 30 days.
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The Jews split Exodus, and this, possibly, is quite correctly, into the following four sections:
1. 49 days - 7 weeks - Starting early in the morning, after midnight, on the 15th day of the first month. Coming out of Egypt to arriving at Sinai (in the third month), hearing the 10 commandments and the people then agreeing to become God's people.
2. 40 days Moses in the mountain by himself with God talking to him, giving him the tablets of the Law while the people gradually get bored and start to party
3. 40 days God's presence above the tabernacle outside the camp, people worshipping at their tent doors, Moses going daily to the tabernacle outside the camp with various ones, with Joshua actually remaining in the tabernacle. See
4. 40 days Moses being told to reconstruct those stone tablets that he broke and to go back up Mt Sinai again. When he came down, they had to cover his face, it glowed so. See
It is this fourth section that has the tradition of 30 days of the Shofar as a reminder to every one not to do what they did the first time Moses went up the mountain, all through the month of Elul leading up to the Feast of Trumpets at the start of the new month. Culminating with a final blast at the appearance of a sliver of light, i.e. the start of the new month, the month of Tishri.
The Jewish authorities made that day a 48 hour day, just so there would be no missing the start of that new month.
Then, 10 days to Yom Kippur the Day of Atonement (Covering / Reconciliation) reminding the people that there is reconciliation and covering available - providing they have repented - and bringing them into an ongoing relationship with the Lord.
In Leviticus 23, seven feasts are mentioned.
Four feasts were fulfilled 2,000 years ago:
There are then three other feasts, the first of which may well have been fulfilled on Rosh Hashanah 2006.